Combating antimicrobial resistance: a paradigm shift from general to precision medicine

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health threat due to its various mechanisms, making treatment difficult. Precision medicine, focusing on individualized treatment for patients’ specific genetic makeup, offers a paradigm shift in addressing AMR challenges. Bacteriophages and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential alternatives to antibiotics, offering targeted therapy and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Despite challenges like limited host range and regulatory concerns, bacteriophages have proven effective against infections. AMPs, with their low molecular weight and broad-spectrum activity, can serve as a first line of defense against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.